Which term refers to ethical theories that evaluate actions by their consequences?

Which term refers to ethical theories that evaluate actions by their consequences?

• A. Deontology
• B. Teleology
• C. Virtue ethics
• D. Egoism

Answer: (B)

Evaluating actions by their consequences is teleology. In teleological ethics, the morality of an act is judged by the results it produces—the ends justify the means in terms of overall good outcomes. This contrasts with other frameworks: deontology bases rightness on adherence to duties or rules, regardless of outcomes; virtue ethics centers on whether an action reflects virtuous character; and egoism evaluates actions by what best serves one's own interests, i.e., personal outcomes. So the emphasis on outcomes as the determinant of moral worth is what makes teleology the correct label.

Evaluating actions by their consequences is teleology. In teleological ethics, the morality of an act is judged by the results it produces—the ends justify the means in terms of overall good outcomes. This contrasts with other frameworks: deontology bases rightness on adherence to duties or rules, regardless of outcomes; virtue ethics centers on whether an action reflects virtuous character; and egoism evaluates actions by what best serves one's own interests, i.e., personal outcomes. So the emphasis on outcomes as the determinant of moral worth is what makes teleology the correct label.